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The C0, C1 or C2 class identifies requirements for the drone. A1, A2 and A3 identify operating subcategories. They are different things: having a C2 drone does not mean that anyone can use it in A2, and having an A1/A3 certificate does not change the class of the equipment.
Before buying or preparing for a flight, check the class label on the aircraft, the EU declaration of conformity and the documentation for the exact version. The weight and CE marking alone do not allow you to assign a class to the drone.
How to confirm the class
- Look for the class identification label on the equipment itself.
- Check that the EU declaration of conformity matches the model and version.
- Read the manufacturer’s conditions relating to firmware, battery and accessories.
- If you bought it second-hand, check that the documentation actually accompanies that unit.
- If there is any doubt or discrepancy, ask the manufacturer for clarification before choosing the flight subcategory.
The EASA recommends checking the conformity of drones bearing a class label. Applying a sticker bought separately does not turn equipment without a class into a C0 or C1. You should not copy a declaration from a similar model either.
What changes between C0, C1 and C2?
The table summarises the most common routes in the open category, according to the EASA’s official summary. Additional conditions apply and operation in A3 may be possible; always check the full framework.
| Class | Usual route | Main point to note |
|---|---|---|
| C0 | A1; read the manual | Do not fly over assemblies of people |
| C1 | A1; A1/A3 training and examination | Do not plan to fly over uninvolved people |
| C2 | A2 with the required competency, or A3 | In A2, do not fly over uninvolved people and comply with distances |
For C2 in A2, the general rule is to keep at least 30 metres horizontally from uninvolved people. Reducing this to 5 metres requires low-speed mode and an assessment of the conditions set out in the rules; it is not automatic permission to bring the drone close to someone. None of these classes authorises flying over an assembly of people.
Does C0 mean the operator does not need to register?
Not necessarily. A drone weighing less than 250 g with a camera or sensor capable of capturing personal data requires operator registration, except when it falls within the applicable exemption for toys. Do not confuse the absence of a mandatory examination in a particular case with the absence of registration.
Our guide to registration with ANAC helps you deal with that part. Keep the supporting documents separate from the invoice and declaration of conformity: each document addresses a different question.
Pilot training: read the right row
The EASA describes the training required in the open category. The A2 route includes A1/A3 training and examination, declared practical self-training and an additional theoretical examination. A certificate bought from a website without recognition does not prove this competency.
If you are looking for training, check the providers recognised by the competent authority and the certificate you will receive. The commercial name ‘drone pilot course’ may cover different content. Compare it with the specific operation you intend to carry out, using the guide to A1/A2/A3 certification.
What about an older drone without a label?
Do not classify it on weight alone. For aircraft without class identification that were placed on the market before 1 January 2024, EASA explains specific routes: below 250 g, A1; below 25 kg, A3, subject to the corresponding conditions. The relevant date is when it was placed on the market, not just the day you bought the second-hand unit.
Before buying an older model, ask for documentation and check its status. A cheap offer may not suit the type of place where you want to fly. First note the operation you intend to carry out, then assess the equipment.
The class does not determine whether the location is authorised
Consult the geographical zones in Portugal. An aircraft with a confirmed class remains subject to local restrictions, the general rule of 120 metres from the surface in the open category and the other applicable conditions. Registration, training, class and authorisations must be checked together.
Official sources consulted on 10 October 2026. Informational summary; check the rules for the specific aircraft and operation. Illustrative image.
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